WHO Pandemic Treaty PDF

WHO Pandemic Treaty PDF Details
PDF Name	WHO Pandemic Treaty PDF
No. of Pages	12
PDF Size	0.18 MB
Language	English
Category	English
Source	researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk
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WHO Pandemic Treaty

Hello friends, today we are going to offer the WHO Pandemic Treaty PDF for all of you. The international community agreed at a Special Session of the World Health Assembly (WHASS) on the need to draft a convention, agreement or other international instruments for pandemic preparedness and response after the multiple governance failures of the pandemic.

Under the Constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO), an intergovernmental negotiating body (INB) was established to draft it. The justification for a pandemic treaty is that whilst the technical expertise on how to govern and end a pandemic exists, the political will to do so is missing.

A new pandemic treaty cannot stand on its own and will not be the solution to all failures in global health. Nonetheless, the INB, WHO member states and in particular the German government in its current G7 presidency can take concrete next steps, without stretching a treaty’s mandate so far as to make it unachievable.

WHO Pandemic Treaty PDF

Process for the treaty text and beyond

• A draft text is expected for 1 August 2022. To get there, a member state-led, transparent, inclusive and fair procedure is necessary, with the full participation of all member states with meaningful inclusion of non-state actors.
• Nikogosian & Kickbusch (2021) recommend involving the World Bank, International Monetary Fund, World Trade Organisation and International Labour Organisation for treaty negotiations.
• So that the treaty is not seen as an instrument pushed by high-income countries, the involvement of important regional bodies such as the African Union, ASEAN, Mercosur and others will be crucial.
• Without the support of civil society, a pandemic treaty will not see the light of day, or it will not protect those most at risk.

(1) The WHO Pandemic Preparedness Treaty

In March 2021, a group of world leaders announced an initiative for a new treaty on pandemic preparedness and response. This initiative was taken to the World Health Organization (WHO) and will be negotiated, drafted, and
debated by a newly-established Intergovernmental Negotiation Body.

A petition on the UK Parliament website is calling for the Government “to commit to not signing any international treaty on pandemic prevention and preparedness established by the WHO unless this is approved through a
public referendum”. At the time of writing, it had gathered over 120,000 signatures. This briefing will give an overview of the key background, progress, and developments of the treaty as of May 2022.

(2) Background

(i) What is the WHO?

The World Health Organization (WHO) is the United Nations agency “that connects nations, partners and people to promote health, keep the world safe and serve the vulnerable – so everyone, everywhere can attain the highest level of health”.1

The WHO Constitution was signed in July 1946 and entered into force on 7 April 1948. The UK is among 194 WHO Member States. The WHO website provides information about the organisation’s priorities and work.

(ii) How did the proposed treaty come about?

The Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response was set up by the WHO to “provide an evidence-based path for the future, grounded in lessons of the present and the past to ensure countries and global institutions, including specifically WHO, effectively address health threats.”

The Panel based its work on “insights and lessons learned from the health response to COVID-19 as coordinated by WHO”. One of its recommendations in its Main Report recognised a need for a “Pandemic Treaty”. On 30 March 2021, Prime Minister Boris Johnson, alongside more than 20 world leaders and senior figures of international organisations, published a joint article in several international newspapers, calling for a more joined-up approach to pandemics in the future.

(1) World Health Organization, About WHO, accessed 18 May 2022.

(2) Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response, About the Independent Panel, accessed 18 May 2022.

(3) Independent Panel for Pandemic Preparedness and Response, COVID-19: Make it the Last Pandemic, May 2021, p45

(4) ‘Covid-19: World leaders call for international pandemic treaty’, BBC News, 30 March 2021.

(iii) What is being proposed?

In the March 2021 joint article, the group of leaders said:

The main goal of this treaty would be to foster an all of government and all of the society approach, strengthening national, regional and global capacities and resilience to future pandemics.

This includes greatly enhancing international cooperation to improve, for example, alert systems, data-sharing, research and local, regional and global production and distribution of medical and public health countermeasures such as vaccines, medicines, diagnostics and personal protective equipment.

The article acknowledges existing provisions for a coordinated international response under the International Health Regulations, which would “underpin such a treaty”.

In October 2021, the Working Group on Strengthening WHO Preparedness for and Response to Health Emergencies (WGPR) published a “zero draft” report outlining an assessment of the benefits of a new WHO convention, agreement or other international instrument on pandemic preparedness and response, for consideration by the World Health Assembly.

This Report, among other Prime Minister of Spain; Erna Solberg, Prime Minister of Norway; Aleksandar Vučić, President of Serbia; Joko Widodo, President of Indonesia; Volodymyr Zelensky, President of Ukraine; Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of the World Health Organisation.

(3) What will the treaty do?

At the time of writing, the Intergovernmental Negotiating Body had not yet produced a working draft of the treaty, and no draft is expected until 1 August 2022 at the latest. This is because negotiations, public consultations and hearings on the proposal are still underway.

Commentary in the BMJ suggests “[i]t will take years to draw up any convention and it is unclear exactly what it will cover and how much global authority it will hold, with countries pushing and pulling in different directions.” Experts at the London School of Economics outline proposals for the treaty in a blog post from March 2022.

The post is based on a more detailed policy brief by the German Alliance on Climate Change and Health, King’s College London, and LSE. The LSE post suggests that the treaty is expected to be modelled as a Framework Convention – a broader agreement setting out a consensus on high-level principles and commitments.

They suggest that Protocols, guidelines and standards could be used to layout more specific details and commitments in the future. This would be similar to conventions such as the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), which hosts the annual “COP” or “Conference of Parties” on tackling climate change.

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